Trainer Details

Patrick Chamings

159 Runs 13 Wins (8.2%) 30 Places (18.9%)
(Top 10) Jockeys for Patrick Chamings
Jockey Runs Wins Places Win%
David Probert 32 5 5 15.6%
Mr Frederick Tett 5 2 2 40.0%
Jim Crowley 5 2 2 40.0%
William Cox 9 1 1 11.1%
Charles Bishop 18 1 2 5.6%
Kieran Shoemark 3 1 0 33.3%
Alfie Redman 13 1 3 7.7%
Charlie Tucker 6 0 1 0.0%
Sean Levey 1 0 0 0.0%
Isobelle Chalmers 8 0 4 0.0%
Patrick Chamings' Yard (26 Horses) (Last 12 months)
Horse R W P Last Run
Daddy Chill (IRE)
3 G
1 - - 15/01/26
Spirit Charmer (GB)
4 F
6 - 1 10/01/26
Diamond Dreamer (GB)
5 G
14 1 3 08/01/26
Little Miss Magic (IRE)
4 F
12 - 4 08/01/26
Goldfinder
2 G
1 - - 03/01/26
Raqraaq (USA)
7 G
9 1 1 22/12/25
Expert Witness (GB)
5 M
7 1 2 13/12/25
Bonnita
3 F
8 1 1 30/10/25
Artavian (GB)
4 G
6 - 2 29/10/25
Darvel (IRE)
7 G
8 3 2 28/10/25
Vannessa
2 F
1 - - 28/10/25
Amathus (IRE)
8 G
10 2 1 16/10/25
Havanita (GB)
3 F
6 - - 15/10/25
Francisco (GB)
4 G
13 1 6 11/10/25
The Bitter Moose (IRE)
3 G
10 1 3 03/10/25
Spanish Star (IRE)
10 G
9 1 1 30/09/25
Rockit Tommy (GB)
5 G
6 - - 06/09/25
Thursday's Child (GB)
4 F
6 - 1 03/09/25
Maritime Mist (GB)
5 M
4 - - 26/08/25
Risky Spin (GB)
3 G
3 - - 20/08/25
Stalingrad (GB)
8 G
6 - 1 18/08/25
Bella Taslina (GB)
4 F
3 - - 14/08/25
Iconnic (GB)
3 F
5 1 1 24/06/25
Champagne Belle (GB)
2 F
2 - - 21/05/25
Coco Bear (IRE)
7 G
1 - - 28/04/25
Dourado (IRE)
11 H
2 - - 17/03/25
Recent Runs - Last 12 Months (Showing 100)
Date/Time Course Distance Horse Jockey Position Beaten By Weight SP Comment
15/01/26
17:30
Chelmsford (AW) 1m Daddy Chill (IRE) Charlie Tucker 5 2 9-9 40/1
Took keen hold - towards rear - some headway over 3f out - no impression from over 1f out - hung left inside final furlong(tchd 50/1)
10/01/26
12:10
Lingfield (AW) 7f Spirit Charmer (GB) William Cox 6 .75 9-9 50/1
Dwelt start - in rear throughout(op 40/1)
08/01/26
19:30
Chelmsford (AW) 5f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Sean Levey 4 0.2 9-3 7/1
Midfield - headway from over 1f out - no impression but kept on inside final furlong(tchd 13/2)
08/01/26
18:00
Chelmsford (AW) 6f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 3rd .75 9-2 22/1
Slowly away - raced wide - towards rear - headway from over 1f out - kept on inside final furlong(tchd 25/1)
03/01/26
12:40
Lingfield (AW) 1m Goldfinder Charles Bishop 4 1 9-7 50/1
Raced in fourth behind clear leader - outpaced over 3f out - some headway inside final furlong - no impression
22/12/25
14:30
Lingfield (AW) 7f Raqraaq (USA) Charles Bishop 7 .5 9-7 4/1J
In touch with leaders - weakened over 1f out(op 5/1 tchd 10/3)
22/12/25
14:00
Lingfield (AW) 7f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 10 0.2 8-11 50/1
Dwelt start - in rear on outer throughout(op 66/1)
22/12/25
13:00
Lingfield (AW) 7f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Rob Hornby 9 2.25 9-3 50/1
Took keen hold - prominent - weakened inside final furlong(op 40/1)
13/12/25
18:30
Wolverhampton (AW) 1m1½f Expert Witness (GB) Jack Dace 11 .75 9-5 50/1
Taken down early - midfield - hung right and weakened from over 2f out(op 40/1 tchd 33/1)
03/12/25
15:35
Lingfield (AW) 5f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Rob Hornby 6 0.2 9-6 12/1
In rear - detached over 1f out - ran on well final 110yds - never near to challenge(op 14/1)
26/11/25
19:15
Chelmsford (AW) 6f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Daniel Muscutt 11 5 9-6 22/1
In touch with leaders - weakened from 1f out(tchd 18/1)
26/11/25
17:45
Chelmsford (AW) 7f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 6 2.5 8-13 20/1
Slightly awkward start - in rear - raced awkwardly over 2f out - some headway from over 1f out(op 25/1 tchd 28/1)
25/11/25
15:20
Lingfield (AW) 1m Raqraaq (USA) Charles Bishop 8 .5 9-7 5/1
Led early - soon headed - lost position and in touch with leaders over 6f out - headway over 5f out - soon led - headed over 1f out - weakened gradually inside final 110yds(op 13/2)
06/11/25
19:15
Chelmsford (AW) 6f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Kieran Shoemark 7 .5 9-2 14/1
Slowly away - in rear
04/11/25
15:40
Lingfield (AW) 1m Raqraaq (USA) Charles Bishop 3rd 0 9-9 16/1
Led(tchd 14/1)
30/10/25
14:55
Bath 5½f Bonnita William Cox 0 0 8-11 22/1
(op 16/1 tchd 14/1)
29/10/25
16:22
Nottingham 1m2f Artavian (GB) Mr Frederick Tett 2nd 2.5 11-1 9/1
(op 15/2)
28/10/25
15:50
Leicester 1m Darvel (IRE) Charles Bishop 7 8.5 9-6 28/1
Slowly into stride - midfield - went second over 4f out(op 20/1)
28/10/25
13:50
Leicester 6f Vannessa Charles Bishop 7 9 9-2 40/1
Took keen hold - in rear throughout(op 25/1)
27/10/25
16:15
Lingfield (AW) 6f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 5 2.5 8-10 25/1
Slowly into stride - never better than midfield(op 22/1 tchd 28/1)
16/10/25
16:40
Brighton 7f Amathus (IRE) Charles Bishop 13 0.1 9-5 28/1
Always behind(op 33/1)
15/10/25
18:40
Kempton (AW) 7f Havanita (GB) Charles Bishop 10 3.5 9-4 80/1
Midfield - edged right and weakened from over 1f out
11/10/25
18:20
Wolverhampton (AW) 6f Francisco (GB) Charlie Tucker 4 0.1 8-12 7/2J
Dwelt start - took keen hold - midfield - headway from 2f out - went second 1f out - weakened and lost two places towards finish (vet said gelding lost his right-fore shoe)(op 4/1)
09/10/25
17:22
Bath 5½f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Charlie Tucker 7 3.25 8-13 8/1
Dwelt start - soon midfield on outer - headway then pressed leaders briefly over 2f out - hung left and weakened over 1f out(op 10/1)
08/10/25
16:35
Kempton (AW) 1m4f Artavian (GB) Charles Bishop 9 0.3 9-10 20/1
Disputed lead early - prominent after 1f - soon raced wide - weakened over 1f out(op 28/1)
03/10/25
14:20
Ascot 7f The Bitter Moose (IRE) Mr David Dunsdon 17 1.25 11-1 22/1
Led - headed over 2f out - soon weakened(op 20/1)
30/09/25
17:55
Bath 5½f Spanish Star (IRE) Charles Bishop 4 0.2 9-8 16/1
Taken down early - slightly awkward start - in rear - still plenty to do 2f out - switched right and headway over 1f out - kept on well final 110yds - nearest finish(op 14/1)
30/09/25
16:52
Bath 5f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Hector Crouch 11 9.5 9-6 18/1
Bumped start - outpaced in rear - weakened 1f out(op 28/1)
29/09/25
15:55
Brighton 1m Darvel (IRE) Charles Bishop 3rd 2.5 10-0 14/1
Awkward start - soon towards rear - kept on against near rail from over 1f out - edged left but went third towards finish - not pace to challenge(op 12/1 tchd 16/1)
23/09/25
17:15
Lingfield (AW) 7f Francisco (GB) Charlie Tucker 3rd .75 9-2 9/2
Pulled hard - soon in touch with leaders - pressed leader on outer 4f out - kept on (jockey said gelding ran too free)(op 13/2)
22/09/25
13:40
Leicester 7f Amathus (IRE) Jack Callan 6 1 9-3 15/2
Towards rear - some headway from over 1f out - kept on but not pace to challenge(op 17/2 tchd 9/1)
18/09/25
20:15
Kempton (AW) 6f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 7 3 8-13 28/1
Slowly away - in rear - some headway from 2f out - weakened inside final furlong (jockey said filly was slowly away)(tchd 33/1)
18/09/25
20:00
Chelmsford (AW) 6f Spirit Charmer (GB) William Cox 6 0.2 9-0 50/1
Mounted in chute - taken down early - slightly awkward start - in rear - some headway from over 1f out - never near to challenge(op 66/1)
13/09/25
16:30
Lingfield (AW) 1m Raqraaq (USA) Tyler Heard 7 3.5 9-6 11/1
In touch with leaders - weakened 3f out(op 12/1)
12/09/25
18:15
Salisbury 6f Bonnita William Cox 1st Won 8-11 7/1
Made all - kept on well from over 1f out(op 9/1 tchd 13/2)
08/09/25
17:34
Windsor 6f Spanish Star (IRE) Hector Crouch 8 0.3 9-3 16/1
Ran without hind shoe - in rear - no impression but kept on final furlong(tchd 14/1)
08/09/25
15:32
Windsor 1m3½f Artavian (GB) Tom Marquand 9 5.5 9-4 12/1
Took keen hold - midfield - towards rear after 4f - some headway 2f out - weakened 1f out(op 11/1)
06/09/25
16:20
Kempton (AW) 2m Rockit Tommy (GB) Jason Watson 6 6 10-1 16/1
Towards rear - never on terms(op 25/1)
03/09/25
21:00
Kempton (AW) 6f Thursday's Child (GB) Jim Crowley 2nd 1 9-5 7/2
Awkward start - in rear - headway on inner 2f out - briefly disputed lead inside final furlong - ran on(op 10/3 tchd 3/1)
02/09/25
17:10
Wolverhampton (AW) 7f Francisco (GB) Alfie Redman 3rd 3 9-2 11/2
Towards rear - switched right and headway over 1f out - no extra inside final 110yds(op 15/2)
01/09/25
17:22
Brighton 7f Amathus (IRE) Jim Crowley 1st Won 9-9 9/2
Slowly away - raced in last - ridden over 1f out - good headway inside final furlong - led inside final 110yds - kept on(tchd 4/1)
01/09/25
17:00
Windsor 6f Bonnita William Cox 3rd 2.25 9-2 28/1
Bit slipped early - pressed leader - led over 3f out - headed but prominent from over 2f out - hung left and weakened inside final furlong(op 40/1)
30/08/25
18:25
Lingfield (AW) 7f Spirit Charmer (GB) William Cox 12 .5 9-9 50/1
Pressed winner - pushed along over 2f out - ridden over 1f out - weakened inside final furlong (jockey said filly ran too free)(op 33/1)
30/08/25
16:50
Lingfield (AW) 1m Raqraaq (USA) Miss Alice Tregoning 5 0.2 10-11 6/1
Prominent on outer - hung right on turn over 1f out - no extra inside final furlong(op 11/2)
29/08/25
17:13
Salisbury 1m Darvel (IRE) Mr Frederick Tett 1st Won 11-1 11/2
Prominent - led narrowly over 2f out - ridden over 1f out - comfortably(op 6/1)
26/08/25
17:40
Lingfield (AW) 1m4f Maritime Mist (GB) Jack Doughty 12 23 9-9 80/1
Prominent - led after 1f - headed over 2f out - soon weakened quickly(op 66/1 tchd 100/1)
25/08/25
17:03
Epsom 7f The Bitter Moose (IRE) Jim Crowley 1st Won 9-0 9/1
Made all - switched to near side over 3f out - against near rail when went clear over 1f out - unchallenged(tchd 17/2)
25/08/25
13:35
Epsom 6f Spanish Star (IRE) Charles Bishop 4 0.3 9-8 6/1
Took keen hold - in rear - no impression but went fourth inside final 110yds(op 5/1)
23/08/25
15:50
Goodwood 1m2f Expert Witness (GB) David Probert 7 3.75 9-13 18/1
Prominent - weakened final furlong(op 16/1)
23/08/25
14:00
Newmarket (July) 7f Havanita (GB) Callum Hutchinson 9 1.25 9-0 50/1
Never better than midfield(tchd 66/1)
20/08/25
19:50
Kempton (AW) 1m4f Risky Spin (GB) William Cox 7 4 9-11 250/1
Towards rear throughout(op 150/1 tchd 300/1)
18/08/25
19:30
Windsor 6f Stalingrad (GB) Charles Bishop 7 1.75 9-8 28/1
Prominent early - led after 2f - headed and weakened from over 2f out(op 25/1)
16/08/25
19:46
Bath 5½f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 2nd 0.2 8-12 7/2
Awkward start - raced in fourth - headway on outer over 1f out - pressed leader inside final 110yds - just held(op 3/1)
16/08/25
18:15
Bath 1m Francisco (GB) Alfie Redman 8 2.75 9-6 17/2
Took keen hold - always behind(op 9/1)
15/08/25
16:50
Epsom 7f The Bitter Moose (IRE) David Probert 2nd 4.75 9-4 10/1
Midfield - headway 2f out - went second 1f out - kept on but no match for winner(op 9/1 tchd 11/1)
14/08/25
16:45
Chepstow 7f Bella Taslina (GB) Hollie Doyle 6 4.25 9-9 11/1
Bumped rival start - raced in last - weakened final furlong(op 17/2)
14/08/25
14:20
Salisbury 7f Amathus (IRE) Alfie Redman 6 2 9-5 15/2
In touch with leaders - no extra over 1f out(op 11/2 tchd 5/1)
13/08/25
20:15
Kempton (AW) 1m4f Artavian (GB) Daniel Muscutt 8 0.2 9-9 14/1
Prominent early - led after 3f - headed but prominent from over 2f out - weakened from over 1f out(op 12/1 tchd 16/1)
12/08/25
14:30
Lingfield (AW) 7f Spirit Charmer (GB) Charlie Tucker 12 1.25 8-10 25/1
Pressed leader - lost position 2f out - weakened 1f out(op 20/1)
11/08/25
20:10
Windsor 5f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Charlie Tucker 9 0.05 8-10 10/1
In touch with leaders - hung left and weakened over 1f out(tchd 9/1)
08/08/25
15:30
Brighton 6f Spanish Star (IRE) Rob Hornby 6 .5 9-5 16/1
Towards rear - steady headway from 2f out - briefly went fourth inside final furlong - weakened towards finish(op 12/1)
07/08/25
17:45
Sandown 1m2f Rockit Tommy (GB) Mr Frederick Tett 4 1 10-13 10/1
In rear - some headway from over 2f out - no impression inside final furlong(op 9/1)
06/08/25
19:45
Kempton (AW) 1m Havanita (GB) Charles Bishop 6 2.25 8-13 80/1
Took keen hold - prominent - lost second over 1f out - weakened final furlong(op 50/1)
04/08/25
16:23
Lingfield 6f Stalingrad (GB) Daniel Muscutt 9 1.5 9-7 16/1
Pressed leader - weakened from over 1f out (jockey said he eased gelding for several strides inside final 110yds due to him feeling geldings stride shorten; vet said gelding lost his right-fore shoe)
02/08/25
18:45
Lingfield 7f Bonnita William Cox 6 0.3 9-2 80/1
Never better than midfield(op 33/1)
02/08/25
18:45
Lingfield 7f Havanita (GB) Jack Doughty 10 49 9-0 10/1
Prominent - pressed leader when saddle slipped and nearly lost jockey halfway - soon eased(op 16/1)
01/08/25
16:05
Southwell (AW) 7f Thursday's Child (GB) Daniel Muscutt 4 2 9-9 5/1
Took keen hold - midfield - headway and in touch with leaders over 1f out - no extra inside final 110yds - joined for 4th(tchd 13/2)
01/08/25
14:50
Southwell (AW) 1m3f Maritime Mist (GB) Jack Doughty 8 6.5 9-11 150/1
Soon in touch with leaders - weakened from over 2f out(op 100/1)
26/07/25
19:00
Salisbury 6f The Bitter Moose (IRE) Joe Leavy 2nd .5 9-4 7/2
Took keen hold - prominent - not clear run when against far rail from over 2f out - switched left 1f out - kept on well and went second towards finish (jockey said gelding became unbalanced and stumbled 4 1/2f out)(tchd 10/3)
25/07/25
19:35
Chepstow 1m Darvel (IRE) Charles Bishop 1st Won 9-7 7/1
Midfield - pushed along and headway from 2f out - led and ridden over 1f out - ran on inside final furlong - always doing enough(op 8/1 tchd 6/1)
23/07/25
14:15
Salisbury 7f Amathus (IRE) Mr Frederick Tett 1st Won 10-11 10/1
Dwelt start - held up in rear - pushed along over 3f out - switched left when headway over 2f out - pressed leaders inside final 110yds - led final stride - just did enough (trainer said - regarding the apparent improvement in form - that a return to a favoured track benefitted gelding on this occasion)(op 14/1)
22/07/25
17:22
Lingfield 6f Stalingrad (GB) Charles Bishop 12 1.5 9-8 12/1
Taken down early - midfield - short of room and dropped to rear after 2f - weakened over 1f out(op 17/2)
22/07/25
16:15
Lingfield 7f Spirit Charmer (GB) Oisin Murphy 3rd 1.25 9-9 16/1
Held up in rear - headway over 1f out - switched left when not clear run against rail inside final furlong - went third inside final 110yds (jockey said filly was briefly denied a clear run in closing stages)(op 25/1 tchd 28/1)
21/07/25
20:40
Windsor 1m Raqraaq (USA) David Probert 13 16 9-10 18/1
In touch with leaders - weakened from 2f out(op 14/1)
21/07/25
20:40
Windsor 1m Francisco (GB) Rob Hornby 11 4.25 9-13 5/1J
Never better than midfield(op 7/1 tchd 15/2)
21/07/25
18:40
Windsor 1m2f Risky Spin (GB) David Probert 9 .5 10-2 150/1
Towards rear - some headway over 2f out - weakened from over 1f out(op 125/1)
12/07/25
17:40
Salisbury 6f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 3rd .75 9-4 3/1J
Dwelt start - raced in fourth - headway and went second over 1f out - kept on but lost second final 110yds(tchd 7/2)
10/07/25
19:35
Epsom 6f Spanish Star (IRE) Joe Leavy 4 .75 9-9 13/2
Slowly away - took keen hold - in rear - headway 3f out - outpaced from over 1f out(op 15/2)
10/07/25
18:35
Newbury 6f The Bitter Moose (IRE) David Probert 4 1.5 9-9 10/1
Towards rear - steady headway when not clear run over 2f out - edged right and headway inside final furlong - ran on towards finish(op 17/2 tchd 15/2)
05/07/25
18:48
Leicester 6f Bonnita Daniel Muscutt 6 13 9-3 9/1
In touch with leaders - outpaced and dropped to last 3f out - eased and lost touch over 1f out (vet said filly lost her left-hind shoe)
04/07/25
13:50
Sandown 1m Darvel (IRE) Mr Frederick Tett 3rd 1.5 10-5 9/1
In touch with leaders - switched left and headway over 2f out - went second over 1f out - keeping on when hung right and lost second inside final 110yds - soon no extra(op 17/2 tchd 8/1 and tchd 10/1)
03/07/25
20:43
Kempton (AW) 6f Thursday's Child (GB) Jim Crowley 5 .75 9-9 100/30F
Midfield - waiting for room from over 2f out - some headway over 1f out - not clear run inside final furlong - nudged out final 110yds - eyecatcher(op 7/2)
30/06/25
20:15
Windsor 1m Amathus (IRE) Hector Crouch 11 0.05 9-9 4/1
Never better than midfield(op 9/2 tchd 5/1)
28/06/25
20:45
Lingfield 6f Stalingrad (GB) Joe Leavy 3rd .5 9-10 3/1F
Took keen hold - pressed leader - led over 2f out - headed under 2f out - rallied and led again inside final furlong - no extra and lost two places inside final 110yds(op 10/3 tchd 11/4)
28/06/25
20:15
Lingfield 7f Francisco (GB) Alfie Redman 2nd .5 9-9 11/2
Dwelt start - in rear - headway up the centre from 2f out - challenging final 110yds - just held
26/06/25
14:25
Newmarket (July) 7f Havanita (GB) David Probert 4 2 9-2 150/1
Prominent - lost two places inside final furlong - went modest fourth inside final 110yds
24/06/25
20:50
Newbury 6f Spanish Star (IRE) David Probert 1st Won 10-0 15/2
Held up in rear - headway when not clear run over 2f out - switched left over 1f out - in the clear inside final furlong - ridden to lead inside final 110yds - kept on(op 13/2)
24/06/25
20:50
Newbury 6f The Bitter Moose (IRE) Jim Crowley 2nd 1 9-9 40/1
Dwelt start - towards rear - headway from over 2f out - kept on and went second towards finish(op 22/1)
24/06/25
19:45
Newbury 7f Iconnic (GB) David Probert 6 2.25 9-8 16/1
In touch with leaders - headway halfway - weakened inside final furlong(op 12/1)
23/06/25
17:17
Windsor 6f Little Miss Magic (IRE) Isobelle Chalmers 2nd 2 9-6 18/1
Midfield - pressed leaders under 4f out - led over 2f out - edged right over 1f out - headed inside final furlong - kept on(op 25/1)
22/06/25
15:10
Pontefract 1m4f Expert Witness (GB) Hector Crouch 3rd 3 9-2 7/4
In touch with leaders - weakened inside final furlong(op 15/8)
20/06/25
18:30
Goodwood 1m4f Rockit Tommy (GB) Jack Dace 5 .5 9-1 12/1
Towards rear - switched right and headway against far rail over 1f out - no extra inside final furlong(op 11/1 tchd 10/1 and tchd 14/1)
16/06/25
16:00
Chepstow 6f Stalingrad (GB) Joe Leavy 7 .5 9-2 10/1
Prominent - weakened from over 1f out(op 9/1 tchd 17/2 and tchd 11/1)
13/06/25
13:30
Sandown 5f Diamond Dreamer (GB) Daniel Muscutt 6 1.5 9-3 11/1
In rear - headway inside final furlong - not pace to challenge(op 14/1)
11/06/25
18:40
Kempton (AW) 1m3f Maritime Mist (GB) Callum Hutchinson 11 58 10-2 300/1
Prominent early - struck into and held up in midfield after 1f - pushed along and weakened from over 4f out (vet reported mare was struck into on her right-hind heel)(op 250/1 tchd 200/1)
11/06/25
17:00
Lingfield 7f Bella Taslina (GB) David Probert 6 4.75 9-6 16/1
In touch with leaders - brief headway over 2f out - short of room over 1f out - soon weakened(op 10/1)
10/06/25
15:00
Salisbury 6f Spanish Star (IRE) David Probert 3rd - 9-2 16/1
Held up in rear - steady headway on outer from over 1f out - kept on well final 110yds - went third final stride(op 22/1)
09/06/25
17:03
Brighton 7f Spirit Charmer (GB) Callum Hutchinson 8 .5 9-0 80/1
Led but pestered - headed halfway - weakened over 1f out (jockey said filly ran too free)(op 50/1)
08/06/25
17:20
Goodwood 7f Thursday's Child (GB) Billy Loughnane 5 .75 8-10 6/1
Held up in rear - switched left 2f out - some headway but hung right inside final furlong - not pace to challenge(op 15/2)
07/06/25
20:10
Lingfield 7f Amathus (IRE) Pat Dobbs 6 0.3 9-6 9/2
Midfield - kept on from over 1f out - never dangerous(op 11/2 tchd 6/1)